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Showing posts from July, 2024

AI Analyzes cfDNA Ends from Liquid Biopsies to Detect Cancer

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There may be new hope in the hunt for reliable ways to detect cancer early on, an area where traditional diagnostic methods often prove inadequate. By analyzing cell-free DNA end-motifs, AI can now distinguish between cancer patients and healthy individuals, according to a research article published in npj Precision Oncology. A model based on deep learning called end-motif inspection via transformer (EMIT) was created using thousands of samples from various studies that included cfDNA sequencing for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). Tested on whole exome sequencing data from both lung cancer and non-cancer patients, EMIT demonstrated strong classification capabilities. Developed by researchers at Tianjin Medical University, EMIT is an advance toward a standardized deep-learning method for identifying cfDNA fragmentome end-motifs. Using cfDNA for cancer diagnosis Linear cfDNA fragments, which ex...

Accelerated Analysis of Pharmaceutical Compounds Using Simultaneous TGA-DSC

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  In a competitive industry, PerkinElmer increases productivity in pharmaceutical laboratories and improves sample analysis throughput by completing two analytical techniques at the same time. The Pyris ™  STA 9 Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA) can simultaneously perform Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry.  the "Early Drug Discovery Phase" of pharmaceutical development , quick thermal analysis using a small sample size is essential when only a minimal amount of synthesized  drug  candidate is available. The sample amount could be less than 3 mg. Due to the urgency of identifying potential drug candidates, analytical results must be provided on the same day. The Pyris STA 9, with its sensitivity of 0.1 μg, allows for the use of minimal sample material while obtaining reproducible results in half the time. This article examines three typical drug-discovery-type pharmaceutical materials using Simultaneous Thermal Analysis, specific...

Vaccine to prevent scale drop disease virus (SDDV) shows promise

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  Uvaxx has announced the successful development of a novel epitope-based vaccine that can defend against the scale drop disease virus (SDDV) infection in barramundi, which are also known as Asian sea bass. According to  Uvaxx , which is a subsidiary of Barramundi Group and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), the vaccine is “a potential game-changer” for the sector, as SDDV has caused devastating losses to farmers. SDDV is endemic in the Southeast Asian region, and causes the fish to shed scales, develop skin lesions, and suffer high mortality rates, sometimes up to 70 percent in both young and adult fish. The vaccine is a formulation designed to protect fish from SDDV. By combining specific parts of the virus known as epitopes that trigger immune responses, the vaccine aims to strengthen the fish's natural defences against the virus. According to Uvaxx, the vaccine has an efficacy rate of 75 percent and will be integrated into routine operations at hatch...

How precision medicine is tackling stubborn cancers in 2024

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  I n 2022 alone, there were nearly 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths worldwide, per a   report   by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). By 2040, the NCI predicts, the number of new cancer cases per year will rise to 29.9 million, and the number of cancer-related deaths will climb to 15.3 million. And though biotech and medtech companies are innovating and devising several ways to effectively treat cancer, it remains   the number-one cause of death by disease   among children and adolescents in the U.S. For decades, cancer treatment has been a blunt force trauma approach, with treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy. While such treatments often yield good results, they can be brutal and have devastating effects on patients, attacking both healthy and cancerous cells alike. “These therapies can only take a patient so far because of resistance mechanisms that develop and/or tolerability and safety issues that arise,...

Experts unveil first comprehensive guidelines for precision medicine research

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A University of Virginia School of Medicine scientist and other top experts from around the world have developed the first comprehensive guidelines for reporting cutting-edge " precision medicine " research in a bid to improve patient care and health equity for people everywhere. Precision medicine aims to tailor treatments to individual patients to get the best possible outcomes. It does this by considering many different factors specific to the patient, such as the patient's genetics, environment, lifestyle and more. But until now there have been no standardized guidelines for reporting precision medicine research, hindering progress. The inaugural reporting guidelines have been published in the leading clinical medicine journal, Nature Medicine. The paper from the BePRECISE (Better Precision-data Reporting of Evidence from Clinical Intervention Studies & Epidemiology) consortium details comprehensive guidelines aimed at improving the accuracy, safety and health eq...

What is Medicinal Chemistry?

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Medicinal chemistry , also known as pharmaceutical chemistry, is a branch of chemistry focused on the development of new drugs and the improvement of existing ones. It is an interdisciplinary field that combines chemistry, biology, and pharmacology. Practitioners work to design and synthesize compounds that can treat diseases, manage symptoms, and improve a patient's quality of life. They optimize the structure and properties of molecules to improve interactions with target molecules and compounds as well as their metabolism, toxicities, and drug delivery dynamics to create selective medicines with limited side effects for recipients. Medicinal chemistry is both data-driven science and an art, in which creativity and knowledge is combined to make something new. What is Medicinal Chemistry? Medicinal chemistry , also known as pharmaceutical chemistry , is a branch of chemistry focused on the development of new drugs and the improvement of existing ones. It is an interdisciplinary...

Pharmacogenomics: The Vanguard of Precision Medicine

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  Precision medicine , a paradigm shift in health care, seeks to tailor treatments to the unique characteristics of each patient, thereby optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. At the forefront of this revolution lies pharmacogenomics , a discipline that integrates genetics and pharmacology to personalize drug therapy. With its ability to decode genetic variations influencing drug response, pharmacogenomics holds immense promise in reshaping health care delivery. Unveiling the Power of Pharmacogenomics Pharmacogenomics has the potential to revolutionize health care delivery by leveraging individual genetic variations to enhance treatment efficacy and safety. By customizing medication regimens to align with each patient's unique genetic profile, pharmacogenomics minimizes the risk of adverse reactions and maximizes therapeutic benefits. This personalized approach, particularly when incorporated into a comprehensive medication management protocol, not on...